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At the mouth of Oil Creeks, spectators watch rafts that have made it downstream after a so-called "pond fresh." The creek was too shallow for navigation much of the year, so dams held water then released it all at once--a chaotic process that often…

Hyde & Egbert Farm alongside the creek shows derricks, pipes leading to wooden tubs, and the many barrels required to transport oil downstream to Oil City on the Allegheny River. Farm was the location of the "Jersey," "Maple Shade," and "Coquet"…

Idealized illustration of family at the holiday appears in William Makepeace Thayer's "Merry Christmas: A Christmas Present for Children and Youth." A popular children's writer, Thayer attempted to weed out the pagan traditions from Christian piety,…

Son of his uncle Alvah Peabody, Sheffield's cousin George McLellan (1858-1928) grew up in Springwater and then began training as a doctor, which he completed in 1885. He practiced in Wayland, NY where he held several public positions.

Detail from road map shows the emerging U.S. interstate system, including the newly designated New York State Thruway.

1829 map depicts at bottom center the primary water access to Genesee Valley from Lake Ontario, via Irondequoit Bay (here mislabeled as "Teoronto"). Nearby was the early colonial settlement of Tryon. At top center, a ferry route is indicated across…

Early map of area settlement shows mills, principal roads, churches, etc.

Postcard photograph depicts bucolic scene at the former South Park along Genesee River, with swans, bridge, and decorative lighthouse. In earlier times Red Creek had been the end of a portage around the Genesee River falls and upstream rapids.

One of the two creeks passing through the park toward Genesee River. The gorges, along with two palisades, formed a strategic stronghold for the Seneca.