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var str = 'Cotton Spinning Mills, 1880-1926';
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var str = 'Two maps from an historical atlas show the rise of a southern textile industry, especially during the early 20th century. By 1926, the long-dominant New England region of textile manufactures was about even with the south; in another twenty years it had been almost entirely supplanted.
This item consists of two plates from the historical atlas that have been cropped.';
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Paullin, Charles O.
Wright, John K.
<em>Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States</em>. By Charles O. Paullin, Carnegie Institution of Washington. Edited by John K. Wright, Librarian, American Geographical Society of New York. Published Jointly by Carnegie Institution of Washington and the American Geographical Society of New York, 1932.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~248427~5516148:Plate-136--Manufacturing--Cotton-Sp?sort=Pub_List_No_InitialSort%2CPub_Date%2CPub_List_No%2CSeries_No&qvq=w4s:/when%2F1932;q:cotton;sort:Pub_List_No_InitialSort%2CPub_Date%2CPub_List_No%2CSeries_No;lc:RUMSEY~8~1&mi=0&trs=3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">David Rumsey Historical Map Collection</a>
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American Geographical Society of New York
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jpeg, 831 KB';
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var str = 'Dorlcote Mill, as envisioned for an edition of George Eliot\'s \"The Mill on the Floss\"';
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var str = 'Novels of George Eliot, Vol. II: The Mill on the Floss (NY: Harper & Bros.)';
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var str = 'Flax and Hemp Dresser';
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var str = 'Dressing flax was a complicated, labor-intensive process to remove seeds and stems so as to separate out the plant\'s valuable fibers. This image appears in an extensive advertisement for a mechanical dresser--or rather, three different models--that would be used on farms. It promises faster speeds and better yields than a hand-operated process called \"hackling.\" Like other farm implements of this time, a major facet of its sales pitch is the industrial model of deskilling labor, and thus lowering wages: \"This machine does not require in its use any peculiar skill. It can be operated by boys or girls, and does not involve any risk to the hands or arms of the operatives, while the ordinary machines require the use of skilled labor, and as experience has proved are always attended with risk to the operatives” (296).';
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<em>The Genesee Farmer</em> 24.9 (Sept. 1863): 296<br /><br /><a href="https://archive.org/details/sim_genesee-farmer_1863-09_24_9/page/296/mode/1up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Courtesy of Internet Archive</a>
Malloy & Sanford (company)<br /><br /><em>The Genesee Farmer</em>
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var str = 'GIS Map of Dansville-Area Mills';
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<div class="js-view if-description description-rich-text break-word overflow-auto">
<div><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">This GIS map was created to support the <a href="https://geneseo.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=0233b12694a346109a2a0f46f84a3858" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dansville Ever-Green map</a>, itself an experiment to recover historical knowledge for the purposes of envisioning a bioregional economy & culture. Its premise is to draw a 50-mile radius around the town of Dansville, NY and make visible under-appreciated resources. In this case, the interest concerns small-scale hydropower used to grind corn and wheat; saw, plane, and turn lumber; process apples into cider; card wool; and so on. A hyperlink to the map can be found below.<br /></span></div>
<div><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">The map of Dansville-area mills was created by using county-level maps from the 1850s (and, in one case, the 1860s). A list of the Western New York counties follows, with the surveyor, publisher, and year in parentheses: Allegany (Bechler/Gillette 1856); Genesee (Otley & Rea/Gillett 1854); Livingston (French/Gillette 1858); Monroe (Brown/Gillette 1858); Ontario (Beers/Dawson 1859); Steuben (Levy/Gillette 1857); Wyoming (Brown/Brown 1853); Yates (Beers/Stone & Stewart 1865). It is comprised of more than 600 individual mill sites.</span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">Mills were identified using map abbreviations of the time, which differentiated among saw mills (“S.M.”), grist mills (“G.M.”), along with spelled-out designations for less common operations. This map does not include steam-saw mills (“S.S.M.”), which used water from creeks to power wood-burning engines—that is, they were not hydropowered mills. The limitations of this procedure are many. Locations sometimes are approximate, due to discrepancies between 19th-century and contemporary maps concerning watercourses. The names of the mills and/or owners sometimes are identified on maps or can be inferred, but usually are not (a question mark indicates a plausible guess). And there are doubtless many milling operations that never made it onto these maps from the 1850s.</span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">From a contemporary standpoint an important caveat is that milling operations are not inevitably sustainable, and that many (or most) of the 19th-century mills created water pollution and disrupted stream communities. A sawmill meant that nearby forests were being logged, usually in an unsustainable manner. Still, it is hoped that this information will be of historical interest and, more importantly, to suggest that resources exist for a post-carbon economy in Western New York.</span></div>
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Cooper, Ken
Argentieri, Elizabeth
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var str = 'Halkett\'s \"Guideway Steam Culture\" Illustrated';
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var str = 'Scheme for the application of steam engines to agriculture was deemed by the editors of \"The Genesee Farmer\" to be \"more poetry than practice.\" Surreal as it appears to be, except for the rail lines modern planting and harvesting use very similar practices.';
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Halkett, P.A.
Braithwaite, John
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Nearby to many of New York's factories, power plants, and slaughterhouses, there's an obvious social ecology to Myers' choice of location. It's possible that the photographic of this painting may have mis-titled it, given frequent references to a Junk Shop.<br /><br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;">About the Artist</span>: Born in Petersburg, VA, and traveling to New York City at age eighteen, Myers knew poverty at first hand. He took art classes when he was able at the Art Students League and Cooper Union, but was largely self-taught and perhaps motivated more by a desire to render the city honestly—an aesthetic that had much in common with the so-called “Ashcan School” of American realism of the early twentieth century. But Myers’ own familiarity with the working class, wrote Harry Wickey, meant that his subject matter “was approached from the standpoint neither of the artist, tourist, or one who was out to expose the conditions under which these people lived. He sought out the life these quarters had to offer and it transformed itself into a thing of beauty as it passed through him” (<a href="https://archive.org/stream/jeromemyersmemor00whit#page/n1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Jerome Myers Memorial Exhibition </em>3</a>). Widespread fame eluded Myers during his lifetime, but his paintings are held by dozens of museums, among them: 9 works at <a href="https://americanart.si.edu/artist/jerome-myers-3479" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Smithsonian American Art Museum</a>; 11 works at <a href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search#!?q=%22jerome%20myers%22&perPage=20&searchField=All&sortBy=relevance&offset=0&pageSize=0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>; 20 works at <a href="https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/artists/193/objects" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Brooklyn Museum</a>; 1 work at <a href="https://www.dia.org/art/collection/object/childrens-theatre-55265" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Detroit Institute of Arts</a>; 1 work at the <a href="https://www.corcoran.org/collection/life-east-side" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Corcoran Collection</a>; 13 works at <a href="https://www.the-athenaeum.org/art/list.php?m=o&s=du&oid=1.&f=a&fa=1885" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Athenaeum</a>. 4 more images at <a href="https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/federal-art-project-photographic-division-collection-5467/series-1/box-16-folder-43" target="_blank" rel="noopener">FAP</a>.
Myers, Jerome, 1867-1940
<a href="https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/federal-art-project-photographic-division-collection-5467/series-1/box-16-folder-43" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Archives of American Art, Federal Art Project, Photographic Division, Box 16, Folder 43.</a>
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