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                <text>Entrance to the Niagara River</text>
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                <text>Lossing, Benson J[ohn] (1813-1891)</text>
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                <text>Cooper, Ken</text>
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                <text>The Pictorial Field-book of the War of 1812; or, Illustrations, by Pen and Pencil, of the History, Biography, Scenery, Relics and Traditions of the Last War for American Independence (Harper &amp; Brothers, 1868): 597.&#13;
&#13;
Thomas Fisher Canadiana Collection, University of Toronto, via Internet Archive&#13;
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                <text>The strategic importance of forts at the mouth of Niagara River is shown graphically here: during the War of 1812 it was extremely difficult for either British or American ships to make it past the cannons of (respectively) Fort Niagara or Fort George. Lossing's illustration shows the situation ahead of the Battle of Fort George in May 1813. His note reads: “This view is from a drawing made in 1813, previous to the attack on Fort George, and published in the Port Folio in July, 1817. On the extreme left is seen Fort Niagara, and at a greater distance, across the river, Fort George and the village of Newark. To the right of the light-house, over which is a flag, is seen the battery which the Julia and Growler controlled” (597).</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Pictorial Field-book of the War of 1812; or, Illustrations, by Pen and Pencil, of the History, Biography, Scenery, Relics and Traditions of the Last War for American Independence&lt;/em&gt; (Harper &amp;amp; Brothers, 1868): 274. Thomas Fisher Canadiana Collection, University of Toronto, via Internet Archive</text>
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                <text>This site at the mouth of the Niagara River always has had a strategic importance: prior to European contact as the beginning of a portage around impassable rapids and falls; then as the French Fort Conti built in 1678; then as a reconstructed Fort Denonville in 1687. It was captured by the British in 1759 during the French and Indian War, then played a key role as a Tory staging base during the Revolutionary War. It was finally occupied by American troops in 1796. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lossing's illustration depicts Fort Niagara during hostilities of the War of 1812. English forces captured it in 1813, relinquishing control following the Treaty of Ghent in 1814. Today, the location is a popular tourist attraction, where one of the most striking features is a "French Castle" built in 1720 as an administrative and trading post.</text>
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