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                  <text>This collection of more than 200 paintings owes its existence to two primary causes: allocations from the Federal Art Project to a New York state tuberculosis sanatorium located at Mt. Morris--the landscapes and still lifes were thought to be restful--and to the committed volunteers who helped preserve the paintings after the hospital closed. For several decades the canvases were stored in non-climate-controlled basements; it appears that doctors and staff removed at least three dozen works as "keepsakes." &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Despite the seeming tranquility of the paintings, they were created by artists primarily from New York City whose background was more political and aesthetically adventurous than this rural location would indicate. &lt;a href="https://openvalley.org/exhibits/show/green-new-deal/about" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Follow this hyperlink to a short introduction to the New Deal Gallery collection&lt;/a&gt;. We're grateful to the Genesee Valley Council on the Arts for access to their collection, which has been re-photographed and appears here at two resolutions: a cropped, web-friendly file size of around 1 MB; and a high-resolution file including the painting's frame.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Items in this collection were created according to a consistent format: a short description of each painting in formal terms, followed by a biography of each artist. Where possible we have supplied hyperlinks relevant to their lives and to other examples of their art. In order to better view them using the Omeka program, click on the "View All" option at the bottom of this page to access various sorting options.</text>
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                  <text>Cooper, Ken (project director)&#13;
&#13;
Ritz, Abigail (photography and project assistant)&#13;
&#13;
Additional research: Justin Anderson, Jessica Apthorpe, Jay Bang, Kristopher Bangsil, Julia Caldwell, Sydney Cannioto, Sabrina Chan, Paige Closser, Victoria Domon, Elana Evenden, Yadelin Fernandez, Michael Griffin, Madison Jackson, Niamh McCrohan, Ben Michalak, Ricky Noel, Elizabeth Ramsay, Skye Rose, Samantha Schmeer, John Serbalik, Marianna Sheedy, Emily Spina, Alison Stern, Ravenna VanOstrand, and Nicholas Vanamee.&#13;
&#13;
Special thanks to: Deborah Bump, Mark Calicchia, Elizabeth Harris, Melissa Moody, Rebecca Lomuto, and Mai Sato.</text>
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              <text>Oil painting</text>
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              <text>Condition: stain in right corner</text>
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                <text>The Pasture Lot</text>
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                <text>Possibly inspired by a time spent farming in Massachusetts, Nesin’s painting radically flattens the landscape into a tapestry: sky and trees cascade down toward cows behind a fence at bottom. Somewhat abstracted forms give a pleasing roundness and regularity to nature. Nesin appears to set against this a few eccentric details, like a pair of boulders or a crooking fence rail, in the service of visual tension.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;About the Artist&lt;/span&gt;: Born in Krasilov, Russia (modern-day Ukraine), Nesin immgrated to the US in 1902 and received citizenship in 1911. He seems to have been trained as an engraver, although for a period during the 1930s worked as a farmer in Massachusetts with his brother Morris. He exhibited at the Federal Art Project Gallery (1936). Nesin’s painting “Sawing Wood for Winter” appears in a heartbreaking 1944 &lt;a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CFAEAAAAMBAJ&amp;amp;lpg=PA85&amp;amp;pg=PA85#v=onepage&amp;amp;q&amp;amp;f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Life &lt;/em&gt;magazine story&lt;/a&gt; on the decision by Colonel Brehon Somervell, the New York WPA administrator, to sell off completed canvases by the pound to a junk dealer. Throughout all these years—and until the end of his life—Nesin was a passionate debater of political issues. As a member of the Socialist Party, he advocated for old age pensions and against conscription during the Great War (he spent six months in jail for speaking on a street corner). Later, with the rise of fascism, he advocated for US vigilance and filled out a draft registration card at age 52. By the end of his life he had renounced socialism: “We walk with the code of Civilization: The Ten Commandments and the great Hebrew Prophets who were every bit Conservative” (&lt;em&gt;New Guard&lt;/em&gt; April 1962: 19). 1 more image at &lt;a href="https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/federal-art-project-photographic-division-collection-5467/series-1/box-17-folder-15" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;FAP&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Nesin, George, 1889-1962</text>
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                <text>Ritz, Abigail (photography)&#13;
&#13;
Cooper, Ken (biography)</text>
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                <text>New Deal Gallery, Genesee Valley Council on the Arts&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>1 map on 2 sheets ; 38 x 170 cm, sheets 41 x 87 cm and 41 x 86 cm</text>
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                <text>Map of proposed Erie Canal</text>
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                <text>New York Canal Commissioners</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47da-f059-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Lionel Pincus and Princess Firyal Map Division, New York Public Library&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Full title of image reads, "A new map and profile of the proposed canal from Lake Erie to Hudson River in the State of New York," and several details indicate the project's state of flux. For example, two different routes west of the Genesee River are shown; however, the surveyors seem to be strongly suggesting that the Southern route is too hilly via their elevation renderings. Also, the city of Rochester doesn't appear on the map, showing how its High Falls (and their waterpower) were both a desirable factor but also not really valuable without a means to transport milled products.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Note: object originally consisted of two maps, which have been merged into a single image for display purposes.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~23947~870012:U-S--showing-NY-Central-Lines-?sort=Pub_List_No_InitialSort%2CPub_Date%2CPub_List_No%2CSeries_No&amp;amp;qvq=q:%22new%20york%20central%22;sort:Pub_List_No_InitialSort%2CPub_Date%2CPub_List_No%2CSeries_No;lc:RUMSEY~8~1&amp;amp;mi=7&amp;amp;trs=20" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;David Rumsey Historical Map Collection&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>By the time of this map a bitter consolidation battle among smaller rail lines had resulted in the creation of New York Central in 1853. Then, under the leadership of aggressive presidents Erastus Corning and Cornelius Vanderbilt, NYC expanded into a regional network encompassing the northeast and Great Lakes Region. It operated more than 11,000 miles of road by this point.&#13;
&#13;
The map here shows the various lines and draws attention to its so-called "water route": mostly level grades following rivers and lakes that e nabled the company to design its engines for speed. The Twentieth-Century Limited, which traveled between New York and Chicago, was perhaps its best known line. The map highlights the Appalachian Mountain range its competitors had to navigate in bright yellow--a nice bit of trolling. As with other railroads NYC's fortunes declined after World War II and the rise of highways. It pursued protective mergers with other failing railroads, was absorbed by the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1976, and finally ended up park of the CSX / Amtrak system.</text>
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        <name>Hudson River Railroad</name>
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                <text>Contemporary map shows the three major water supply systems for New York City--the Croton, the Catskill, and the Delaware--along with their constituent reservoirs, aqueducts, and major City Tunnels. This item is in OpenValley to support the Watersheds exhibit.</text>
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                <text>Rochester/Western Finger Lakes - Region 8.  List of lands you can visit.</text>
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                <text>Niagara's Great Gorge Trip</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~271863~90045652:Niagara-s-Great-Gorge-Trip-?sort=Pub_List_No_InitialSort%2CPub_Date%2CPub_List_No%2CSeries_No&amp;amp;qvq=q:niagara;sort:Pub_List_No_InitialSort%2CPub_Date%2CPub_List_No%2CSeries_No;lc:RUMSEY~8~1&amp;amp;mi=407&amp;amp;trs=418#"&gt;David Rumsey Historical Map Collection&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Promotional brochure from the motor age--"There is no Automobile Road Through the Gorge"--was created by an electric railway company started in the early 1890s. Capt. John M. Brinker, a Buffalo businessman, had the perseverance to capitalize a tourist line running between the towns of Niagara Falls and Lewiston, running down through the gorge alongside the Niagara River. Despite considerable engineering difficulties, the line proved popular; tourists would ride in open-sided cars beholding the river's sublime power. A tourist rail line along the Canadian rim had been constructed in 1892, and the two companies were combined in 1902 resulting in the circular route show here. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But the gorge's geology, namely a type of shale prone to erosion and rockfall, eventually doomed the railroad. There were fatal tourist accidents in 1907, 1915, and 1917; landslides destroyed portions of the rail lines and rendered it unprofitable. The company dissolved in 1935, but traces of the gorge railway still are visible today. Source consulted: &lt;a href="https://www.amusingplanet.com/2018/06/the-niagara-gorge-railroad.html"&gt;"The Niagara Gorge Railroad,"&lt;/a&gt; Amusing Planet.</text>
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                  <text>This collection of more than 200 paintings owes its existence to two primary causes: allocations from the Federal Art Project to a New York state tuberculosis sanatorium located at Mt. Morris--the landscapes and still lifes were thought to be restful--and to the committed volunteers who helped preserve the paintings after the hospital closed. For several decades the canvases were stored in non-climate-controlled basements; it appears that doctors and staff removed at least three dozen works as "keepsakes." &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Despite the seeming tranquility of the paintings, they were created by artists primarily from New York City whose background was more political and aesthetically adventurous than this rural location would indicate. &lt;a href="https://openvalley.org/exhibits/show/green-new-deal/about" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Follow this hyperlink to a short introduction to the New Deal Gallery collection&lt;/a&gt;. We're grateful to the Genesee Valley Council on the Arts for access to their collection, which has been re-photographed and appears here at two resolutions: a cropped, web-friendly file size of around 1 MB; and a high-resolution file including the painting's frame.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Items in this collection were created according to a consistent format: a short description of each painting in formal terms, followed by a biography of each artist. Where possible we have supplied hyperlinks relevant to their lives and to other examples of their art. In order to better view them using the Omeka program, click on the "View All" option at the bottom of this page to access various sorting options.</text>
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&#13;
Ritz, Abigail (photography and project assistant)&#13;
&#13;
Additional research: Justin Anderson, Jessica Apthorpe, Jay Bang, Kristopher Bangsil, Julia Caldwell, Sydney Cannioto, Sabrina Chan, Paige Closser, Victoria Domon, Elana Evenden, Yadelin Fernandez, Michael Griffin, Madison Jackson, Niamh McCrohan, Ben Michalak, Ricky Noel, Elizabeth Ramsay, Skye Rose, Samantha Schmeer, John Serbalik, Marianna Sheedy, Emily Spina, Alison Stern, Ravenna VanOstrand, and Nicholas Vanamee.&#13;
&#13;
Special thanks to: Deborah Bump, Mark Calicchia, Elizabeth Harris, Melissa Moody, Rebecca Lomuto, and Mai Sato.</text>
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                <text>This view adopts some several conventions of folk painting: a non-linear perspective, extremely simplified renderings of structures and people; and a “coverage” of the scene that feels complete. The style was one of several for Nichols. Perhaps most intriguing here is a network of lines, or tributaries, that link together disparate elements. Smoke from a house at bottom reaches a vegetable plot, but goes no further; the trunk of a large tree at center continues upward as a road, and its branches all serves as “paths” to different objects in the painting. The washline at bottom left is just one of many lines.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;About the Artist&lt;/span&gt;: Born in Maywood, IL, Nichols came from a wealthy family and at times struggled to find his own artistic voice. He trained at the Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago Academy of Fine Arts, and the Art Students League. While studying at the Louvre, Paris in 1930, he became friends with the expatriate writer Henry Miller and painted his portrait with the Eiffel Tower in the background. For his part Miller wrote, hyperbolically, that “I feel convinced, when talking to [Nichols] that I am standing in the presence of a genius. I can see in him another Van Gogh, or better.[...] Nichols is a deeply cultured guy, a rich, ripe guy of the autumnal cities, a man of feeling, of intuition, of instinct, but also of great intellect, and of great ego...charming ego...charming effrontery. The child-man, the wonder-man, soft-voiced, musical, sure, suave, convincing, and never-ending” (&lt;em&gt;Cosmodemonic&lt;/em&gt;). Not coincidentally Miller observed that a private income freed Nichols “to do what he wants,” which may be why one gallery owner recalled Nichols asking only $5 for his paintings: “I would say, ‘John, I can't give you $5. I’ll give you $20 for it.’ He'd say, ‘I can't accept that’...And whatever happened to John Nichols I don't know, but he painted in a Matisse-like manner and then went off to his own approach....He had marvelous reviews. I think money was not really the thing” (“Oral History”). Nichols’ work was exhibited throughout the 1930s and ‘40s at various galleries in Woodstock, NY, where he maintained a studio. His painting “Buzz Saw” was selected for the “New Horizons in Art” exhibit, MoMA (1936). He exhibited at the Federal Art Show, Woodstock, along with NDG artists Erna Lange, Leon Foster Jones. Ahead of a 1936 solo show at Sawkill Gallery, a press released described Nichols like this: “In spite of his conventional background and training he is somewhat of a rebel against established tradition” (&lt;em&gt;Kingston Daily Freeman&lt;/em&gt; 24 July 1936: 6). 6 works at &lt;a href="https://collections.hvvacc.org/digital/collection/waam/search/searchterm/Nichols" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Woodstock Artists Association &amp;amp; Museum&lt;/a&gt;.&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Sources Consulted"&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://cosmotc.blogspot.com/2006/07/john-nichols-and-millers-beard.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cosmodemonic Telegraph Company: A Henry Miller Blog&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; (&lt;a href="https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/interviews/oral-history-interview-bernard-braddon-and-sidney-paul-schectman-12316#transcript" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;“Oral History Interview with Bernard Braddon and Sidney Paul Schectman, 1981 October 9,”&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;Archives of American Art&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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Cooper, Ken (biography)</text>
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                <text>New Deal Gallery, Genesee Valley Council on the Arts&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Noel Guevara</text>
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                <text>Key Deer Fawn</text>
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                <text>Noni Cay</text>
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                <text>www.medium.com</text>
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                  <text>This collection of more than 200 paintings owes its existence to two primary causes: allocations from the Federal Art Project to a New York state tuberculosis sanatorium located at Mt. Morris--the landscapes and still lifes were thought to be restful--and to the committed volunteers who helped preserve the paintings after the hospital closed. For several decades the canvases were stored in non-climate-controlled basements; it appears that doctors and staff removed at least three dozen works as "keepsakes." &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Despite the seeming tranquility of the paintings, they were created by artists primarily from New York City whose background was more political and aesthetically adventurous than this rural location would indicate. &lt;a href="https://openvalley.org/exhibits/show/green-new-deal/about" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Follow this hyperlink to a short introduction to the New Deal Gallery collection&lt;/a&gt;. We're grateful to the Genesee Valley Council on the Arts for access to their collection, which has been re-photographed and appears here at two resolutions: a cropped, web-friendly file size of around 1 MB; and a high-resolution file including the painting's frame.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Items in this collection were created according to a consistent format: a short description of each painting in formal terms, followed by a biography of each artist. Where possible we have supplied hyperlinks relevant to their lives and to other examples of their art. In order to better view them using the Omeka program, click on the "View All" option at the bottom of this page to access various sorting options.</text>
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                  <text>Cooper, Ken (project director)&#13;
&#13;
Ritz, Abigail (photography and project assistant)&#13;
&#13;
Additional research: Justin Anderson, Jessica Apthorpe, Jay Bang, Kristopher Bangsil, Julia Caldwell, Sydney Cannioto, Sabrina Chan, Paige Closser, Victoria Domon, Elana Evenden, Yadelin Fernandez, Michael Griffin, Madison Jackson, Niamh McCrohan, Ben Michalak, Ricky Noel, Elizabeth Ramsay, Skye Rose, Samantha Schmeer, John Serbalik, Marianna Sheedy, Emily Spina, Alison Stern, Ravenna VanOstrand, and Nicholas Vanamee.&#13;
&#13;
Special thanks to: Deborah Bump, Mark Calicchia, Elizabeth Harris, Melissa Moody, Rebecca Lomuto, and Mai Sato.</text>
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                <text>The Pool in Autumn</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;The familiar phrase “peak color” receives an ecstatic new meaning in Nordell’s transcendentalist vision, where sun illuminates woodland foliage in fiery hues, then doubles them in a reflecting pool. His figurative rendering of the scene edges toward an impressionist composition in leaf-colors; upstate New Yorkers know this moment and this feeling.&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;About the Artist&lt;/span&gt;: Born in Copenhagen, Denmark, Nordell immigrated to the US when he was seven years old and grew up in “a large family with poor parents” in Westerly, RI (&lt;em&gt;Norwich Bulletin&lt;/em&gt; 7 April 1910: 6). He nevertheless was able to attend the Rhode Island School of Design, where his talents soon were recognized and led to a productive career, both as a landscape painter and sought-after portraitist. Nordell studied at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, under &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_C._Tarbell" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Edmund C. Tarbell&lt;/a&gt;; the Art Students League under &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Bridgman" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;George Bridgman&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_DuMond" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Frank DuMond&lt;/a&gt;; and the Académie Julian, Paris, under &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Paul_Laurens" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Jean-Paul Laurens&lt;/a&gt;. In 1910 &lt;a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015086590703;view=1up;seq=214" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;he was awarded&lt;/a&gt; the James William Paige Traveling Scholarship for study in Europe. He married &lt;a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Tl0_m4YaXqkC&amp;amp;pg=PA217&amp;amp;lpg=PA217&amp;amp;dq=emma+alice+nordell+biography&amp;amp;source=bl&amp;amp;ots=nyyviVkDG3&amp;amp;sig=ACfU3U30I4JzEcODq2lO6W28jgz1rayKYw&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;ved=2ahUKEwiOgPCE4K_gAhXpm-AKHa23AKUQ6AEwCXoECAUQAQ#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=emma%20alice%20nordell%20biography&amp;amp;f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Emma Alice Parker&lt;/a&gt;, an accomplished painter in her own right, in 1912. Nordell’s art was exhibited widely, at the 1915 Panama-Pacific Exposition, San Francisco; the Corcoran Gallery; the Art Institute of Chicago; the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts; and many others. Nordell appears to have had a special affinity for Western New York, often showing his work at Buffalo’s Albright-Knox Gallery and Rochester’s Memorial Art Gallery; beginning in the late 1920s he spent summers at Chautauqua painting landscapes. Later he lived not far from Lake Erie in Westfield, NY. 2 works at &lt;a href="http://museums.fivecolleges.edu/info.php?s=Nordell&amp;amp;type=all&amp;amp;museum=all&amp;amp;t=objects" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Mead Art Museum&lt;/a&gt;. 2 works at the &lt;a href="http://www.clevelandart.org/art/collection/search?search=Nordell" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Cleveland Museum of Art&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Source Consulted&lt;/span&gt;: Michael Preston Worley, “Carl Nordell,” &lt;a href="http://www.askart.com/artist/Carl_John_David_Nordell/24035/Carl_John_David_Nordell.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;askART&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Nordell, Carl [Johan David], 1885-1957</text>
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&#13;
Cooper, Ken (biography)</text>
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                <text>New Deal Gallery, Genesee Valley Council on the Arts&#13;
&#13;
Object #FA18225</text>
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