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                <text>View from the Site of Vrooman's Battery</text>
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                <text>Lossing, Benson J[ohn] (1813-1891)</text>
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                <text>Cooper, Ken</text>
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                <text>The Pictorial Field-book of the War of 1812; or, Illustrations, by Pen and Pencil, of the History, Biography, Scenery, Relics and Traditions of the Last War for American Independence (Harper &amp;amp; Brothers, 1868): 391. Thomas Fisher Canadiana Collection, University of Toronto, via Internet Archive</text>
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                <text>Just prior to the War of 1812, British forces worked feverishly to control navigation of the Niagara River, posting batteries every mile along bluffs overlooking the gorge. The one pictured here was located close enough to the village of Lewiston that it was successful in harassing American forces during the war. The item shown here is described by Lossing: “The picture represents a view of the Niagara River and shores from Vrooman's Point. In the foreground are the remains of the battery. On the right is seen Queenston and the Heights, with Brock’s monument; on the left, Lewiston and its heights; and in the centre, Niagara River and the Lewiston Suspension Bridge. We are looking southward, up the Niagara River” (391).</text>
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                <text>Entrance to the Niagara River</text>
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                <text>Lossing, Benson J[ohn] (1813-1891)</text>
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                <text>The Pictorial Field-book of the War of 1812; or, Illustrations, by Pen and Pencil, of the History, Biography, Scenery, Relics and Traditions of the Last War for American Independence (Harper &amp; Brothers, 1868): 597.&#13;
&#13;
Thomas Fisher Canadiana Collection, University of Toronto, via Internet Archive&#13;
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                <text>The strategic importance of forts at the mouth of Niagara River is shown graphically here: during the War of 1812 it was extremely difficult for either British or American ships to make it past the cannons of (respectively) Fort Niagara or Fort George. Lossing's illustration shows the situation ahead of the Battle of Fort George in May 1813. His note reads: “This view is from a drawing made in 1813, previous to the attack on Fort George, and published in the Port Folio in July, 1817. On the extreme left is seen Fort Niagara, and at a greater distance, across the river, Fort George and the village of Newark. To the right of the light-house, over which is a flag, is seen the battery which the Julia and Growler controlled” (597).</text>
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                <text>Study for "Black River Canal--1845"</text>
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                <text>McCullough, Lucerne</text>
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                <text>Cooper, Ken</text>
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                <text>Smithsonian American Art Museum &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Transfer from the Internal Revenue Service through the General Services Administration</text>
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                <text>1938</text>
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                <text>Along with her sister Suzanne, McCullough was commissioned by the Treasury Section of Fine Arts to create a mural for the Boonville, NY post office (constructed in 1937). This 1838 study for the larger mural, completed the next year, is the same in most of its features. The mother and daughter have their bonnets removed, the better to see their faces, and the baskets of agricultural bounty have grown--perhaps a comment upon scarcity during the Great Depression. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1828 a proposed Black River Canal was surveyed as to branch off the successful Erie Canal, extending from Rome, NY north toward the St. Lawrence River. It was thought that lower-cost transportation would aid in economic development of communities in Lewis, Herkimer, and St. Lawrence counties. Construction was completed by 1855: 35 miles of canal, and another 40 miles of navigable waters along the Black River to the village of Carthage. But maintenance costs and competition from railroads made the canal unprofitable and in 1900 it was abandoned north of Boonville, NY and completed shut down in 1925. Thus, the McCulloughs' mural looks back to a relatively recent past in Boonville.</text>
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                <text>Drawings of Third Infantry Division, WWII</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Gaige, Richard T[homas] (1907-1992)</text>
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                <text>Donald G. Taggart, &lt;em&gt;History of the Third Infantry Division In World War II&lt;/em&gt; (Infantry Journal Press, 1947)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;National Security Internet Archive, via Internet Archive</text>
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                <text>Richard Gaige grew up in Binghamton, NY, studied art at Syracuse University, then moved to New York City to pursue an career. Among other things he painted for the Federal Art Project; two of his works are at the New Deal Gallery. A year after enlisting in 1942 Gaige published &lt;em&gt;Me and the Army&lt;/em&gt;, a collection of sketches whose faceless but sympathetically rendered soldiers resonated with the shared experience of enlisted men. It's likely he was invited to create this collection of illustrations based upon his earlier work.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Donald G. Taggart's history of the Third Infantry Division, an illustration appears immediately after the title page for each chapter. The images therefore correspond rougly to the following campaigns:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1. Preparation for War&lt;br /&gt;2. Casablanca&lt;br /&gt;3. North African Interlude&lt;br /&gt;4. Sicily&lt;br /&gt;5. Southern Italy&lt;br /&gt;6. Anzio&lt;br /&gt;7. The Push to Rome&lt;br /&gt;8. Southern France&lt;br /&gt;9. Through the Vosges&lt;br /&gt;10. The Colmar Pocket&lt;br /&gt;11. Germany</text>
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                <text>1947</text>
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                <text>Cooper, Ken</text>
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2. jpeg, 554 KB&#13;
3. jpeg, 510 KB&#13;
4. jpeg, 544 KB&#13;
5. jpeg, 586 KB&#13;
6. jpeg, 707 KB&#13;
7. jpeg, 628 KB&#13;
8. jpeg, 513 KB&#13;
9. jpeg, 484 KB&#13;
10. jpeg, 559 KB&#13;
11. jpeg, 543 KB</text>
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                <text>Photograph of Bena Frank and Ralph Mayer</text>
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                <text>1935?</text>
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                <text>Cooper, Ken</text>
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                <text>Bena Frank (1898-1991) was a painter whose work for the Federal Art Project is displayed at the New Deal Gallery, Mt. Morris. She was a founding member of the New York Society of Women Artists. In 1927 she married artist Ralph Mayer (1895-1979), a painter whose chemical engineering background  led to a specialization in paint manufacture, materials science, and art conservation. Together, they created the Artists Technical Research Institute in 1959.</text>
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                <text>Ralph and Bena Frank Mayer papers, [ca. 1920]-1964. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.</text>
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        <name>Bena Frank</name>
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        <name>Ralph Mayer</name>
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                <text>Photograph of Inez Abernathy</text>
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                <text>Abernathy (1873-1956) was a landscape painter whose work is located at the New Deal Gallery, Mt. Morris. In order to support herself, she also was an art instructor at various colleges: Belmont College (TN), Stanford Female College (KY), Columbia Female Institute (TN), the University of Arkansas. Here, she is shown in the 1910 yearbook of the Florida State College for Women, in Tallahassee. She was a dedicated teacher; five years earlier, when a fire broke out Abernathy guided her students to safety rather than saving her own art and equipment; the Florida legislature passed a special bill to help compensate her loss.</text>
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                <text>Florida State College for Women</text>
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                <text>Cooper, Ken</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Flastacowo &lt;/em&gt;Vol. 1 (1910): 18. Courtesy of &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/flastacowo11910flor/page/18"&gt;Internet Archive&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Gerrit Hondius, 1956</text>
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                <text>Sidney J. Waintrob (1902-2002)&#13;
Abraham L. Waintrob (1908-2004)</text>
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                <text>1956</text>
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                <text>Cooper, Ken</text>
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                <text>Waintrob Project for the Visual Arts &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.albrightknox.org/artworks/p19812533-gerrit-hondius"&gt;Courtesy of Albright-Knox Art Gallery&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Hondius (1891-1970), a New Deal Gallery artist, was born in Holland and fled Europe in 1915 amidst the Great War. He studied at Royal Academy in The Hague and the Laren Art Colony, then in New York at the Art Students League. He was known for his expressionist landscapes and paintings of circus performers. </text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data</description>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="7834">
              <text>3 x 4 in.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7825">
                <text>Celluloid Lighting Apparatus</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7826">
                <text>Kadowaki, Motoichi "Roy" (1885-1981)</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7827">
                <text>United States Patent Office</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1927-02-08</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Cooper, Ken</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/officialgazette354unit/page/n676"&gt;Internet Archive&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Motoichi "Roy" Kadowaki was a Japanese-American artist; four of his paintings are at the New Deal Gallery, Mt. Morris. What we know of him is that his vocation always had to be supported by a variety of service jobs deemed appropriate for Japanese in the early 20th century: cook, waiter, servant. Aside from his extant paintings there are glimpses of a creative, even whimsical vision. This drawing dates to 1926, when Kadowaki filed a patent for "Lighting Apparatus" using a presumably translucent celluloid cockatoo.&#13;
&#13;
The description for Patent Application #1,616,579 reads: "In lighting apparatus, the combination of an electric lamp socket support and a lamp enclosing member consisting of a hollow translucent celluloid body of elongated form having a slit adjacent to one end and a hole communicating with said slit for engaging said socket support, and a weight positioned inside one end of said body."</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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        <name>Motoichi "Roy" Kadowaki</name>
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        <name>New Deal Gallery</name>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="7842">
              <text>Map</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="7843">
              <text>6 x 8 in.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="7836">
                <text>Ramapo "In Ye Olden Times"</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="7837">
                <text>Welcke, Robert A.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="7838">
                <text>J. B. Beers &amp; Co.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1884</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Cooper, Ken</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="7844">
                <text>David Cole, &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/historyofrocklan00cole/page/103"&gt;&lt;em&gt;History of Rockland County, New York : With Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (J.B. Beers, 1884): 273.</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Map</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7846">
                <text>Dating to a time when water power was essential to manufacturing, the "Ramapo Works" (later simply Ramapo) were located at the base of Torne Mountain. A nail manufacturer from New York City named Josiah B. Pierson purchased the land in 1795, built a dam and bridge across the Ramapo River, and by 1813 was producing a million pounds of nails per year. As local iron ore supplies dwindled, the operation then expanded into weaving and cotton production, but with the coming of railroads at by mid-century the advantage of close proximity to New York was lost. Operations were suspended in 1851. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This map is a reconstruction of the Ramapo Works, described in greater detail by Rev. David Cole in his &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/historyofrocklan00cole_0/page/n650"&gt;&lt;em&gt;History of Rockland County&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <name>Map</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="982">
        <name>Ramapo River</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="981">
        <name>Ramapo, NY</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="950">
        <name>Watersheds</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="7848">
                <text>High Torne</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
