1 10 39 https://openvalley.org/files/original/abd7eaebeed4550f68f611150e5a7e34.jpg 147088ffb1f5a5f15b4001f7e0baa97c https://openvalley.org/files/original/be40180ee5356094733c39b209542939.jpg 71101fa01636667a6787d39aed15cf39 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia 1892 Description An account of the resource This collection of images is based upon <a href="https://openvalley.org/files/original/3ae1204165be3bf753a4d31e568da22a.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an 1892 birds-eye panorama of Caledonia, NY</a> published by Burleigh Litho of Troy, NY. According to John William Reps, Lucien R. Burleigh was responsible—whether as artist or publisher—for some 228 lithographic city views (it is possible, even likely that the Caledonia map was executed by an employee named Christian Fausel). Trained as a civil engineer, economic recession pressed Burleigh into finding other ways of making a living. He began city viewmaking during the 1870s and by the mid-1880s was well established in his profession. His usual practice was to work from an available map, determine the most advantageous viewpoint (for a village like Caledonia, typically 1500 feet above the ground), and making small sketches at the street level. Another important task during a two- or three-week stay was soliciting subscriptions for the panorama: it took perhaps 100 persons, each paying $2.50-3:00 for a map, for the project to break even. <br /><br />The Burleigh map’s legend provides us with a snapshot of Caledonia in 1892, just recovering from a major fire in 1891. It lists railroad stations, churches, the public school, and even Seth Green’s fish hatchery, but a majority of the numbered locations are commercial enterprises—a likely base of customers for purchasing copies of the completed work. Using old newspapers and trade magazines, this collection has gathered advertising from most of the businesses. Its purpose is to populate an interactive map for the “Heraldry” section of the “Clans of Caledonia” exhibit, where we see immigrant affiliations interacting with national and commercial icons—a complex process of so-called “Americanization.” Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Thanks to Tom Tryniski, Fulton History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data Engraving Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 7 x 10 in. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Residence, Warehouse and Elevator of Wm. Hamilton, Caledonia, Livingston County, NY Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lyth, J. (John), 1821-1886 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available D. Mason & Co., Syracuse NY Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1881 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived James H. Smith, <em>History of Livingston County, New York</em> (Syracuse, NY: D. Mason &amp; Co., 1881): following p. 456.<br /><br /><a href="https://archive.org/details/1687historyofliv00smit/page/n652/mode/1up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Courtesy of Internet Archive</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1. jpeg, 952 KB <br />2. jpeg, 391 KB Description An account of the resource The son of a Scottish immigrant, Hamilton was born 1832 in Le Roy and grew up on a farm. After a brief time spent as a teacher in the upper midwest, Hamilton returned to Caledonia, married Jane Vallance, and had five children. Hamilton was a leading figure in the community, praised by James Smith for his "invincible energy and active business ability." He died in 1912. These engravings show a portion of his property located next to the New York Central RR, the elevator inset and enlarged as a separate file. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Caledonia, NY Grain elevator New York Central Railroad William Hamilton https://openvalley.org/files/original/e2fedeba03902bd39c0bf79edf2903f1.jpg 271f1e307dd102f50daf761f79d744ea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia 1892 Description An account of the resource This collection of images is based upon <a href="https://openvalley.org/files/original/3ae1204165be3bf753a4d31e568da22a.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an 1892 birds-eye panorama of Caledonia, NY</a> published by Burleigh Litho of Troy, NY. According to John William Reps, Lucien R. Burleigh was responsible—whether as artist or publisher—for some 228 lithographic city views (it is possible, even likely that the Caledonia map was executed by an employee named Christian Fausel). Trained as a civil engineer, economic recession pressed Burleigh into finding other ways of making a living. He began city viewmaking during the 1870s and by the mid-1880s was well established in his profession. His usual practice was to work from an available map, determine the most advantageous viewpoint (for a village like Caledonia, typically 1500 feet above the ground), and making small sketches at the street level. Another important task during a two- or three-week stay was soliciting subscriptions for the panorama: it took perhaps 100 persons, each paying $2.50-3:00 for a map, for the project to break even. <br /><br />The Burleigh map’s legend provides us with a snapshot of Caledonia in 1892, just recovering from a major fire in 1891. It lists railroad stations, churches, the public school, and even Seth Green’s fish hatchery, but a majority of the numbered locations are commercial enterprises—a likely base of customers for purchasing copies of the completed work. Using old newspapers and trade magazines, this collection has gathered advertising from most of the businesses. Its purpose is to populate an interactive map for the “Heraldry” section of the “Clans of Caledonia” exhibit, where we see immigrant affiliations interacting with national and commercial icons—a complex process of so-called “Americanization.” Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Thanks to Tom Tryniski, Fulton History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data Book illustration Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Auspice Maria Description An account of the resource "Under the Protection of Mary" is the usual translation for this emblem blessing the Catholic Church's approved ceremonial book. First published in 1829, it was by 1894 in its 8th edition and used in churches like St. Columba in Caledonia, NY. Ecclesiastical heraldry shows the book's approval to have been made by a bishop: the "galero" hat at top, and the ten tassels underneath on each side. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available John B. Piet & Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1894 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Joseph Rosati, "Ceremonial for the Use of the Catholic Churches in the United States of America," 8th ed. (Philadelphia: H. L. Kilner & Co., 1894): iii. Internet Archive Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Book illustration Caledonia, NY St. Columba Catholic Church https://openvalley.org/files/original/33b3037d220d833c06875cbf08819c86.jpg b20ef040c2b3670161084b99ed438d36 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia 1892 Description An account of the resource This collection of images is based upon <a href="https://openvalley.org/files/original/3ae1204165be3bf753a4d31e568da22a.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an 1892 birds-eye panorama of Caledonia, NY</a> published by Burleigh Litho of Troy, NY. According to John William Reps, Lucien R. Burleigh was responsible—whether as artist or publisher—for some 228 lithographic city views (it is possible, even likely that the Caledonia map was executed by an employee named Christian Fausel). Trained as a civil engineer, economic recession pressed Burleigh into finding other ways of making a living. He began city viewmaking during the 1870s and by the mid-1880s was well established in his profession. His usual practice was to work from an available map, determine the most advantageous viewpoint (for a village like Caledonia, typically 1500 feet above the ground), and making small sketches at the street level. Another important task during a two- or three-week stay was soliciting subscriptions for the panorama: it took perhaps 100 persons, each paying $2.50-3:00 for a map, for the project to break even. <br /><br />The Burleigh map’s legend provides us with a snapshot of Caledonia in 1892, just recovering from a major fire in 1891. It lists railroad stations, churches, the public school, and even Seth Green’s fish hatchery, but a majority of the numbered locations are commercial enterprises—a likely base of customers for purchasing copies of the completed work. Using old newspapers and trade magazines, this collection has gathered advertising from most of the businesses. Its purpose is to populate an interactive map for the “Heraldry” section of the “Clans of Caledonia” exhibit, where we see immigrant affiliations interacting with national and commercial icons—a complex process of so-called “Americanization.” Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Thanks to Tom Tryniski, Fulton History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data Book illustration Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cross Botonee Description An account of the resource This resonant symbol appears near the end of a 1904 history of the Western New York Diocese of the Protestant Episcopal Church. It was fairly common in the Anglican church and its Episcopal branches in the United States, one of them St. Andrew's Episcopal Church in Caledonia, NY. Called a cross botonee (or bottony), the three "buds" at each of four arms sometimes are taken to stand for the twelve apostles. Its design also references the four apostles in symbolic form: Matthew (the angel at top), Mark (the winged lion), Luke (the winged bull), and John (the eagle). Finally, we see a pair of crossed croziers, emblematic of the shepherd's pastoral staff. These elements sometimes found their way into ecclesiastical and familial heraldry--not easy to untangle from the Scottish clan heraldry in Caledonia. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Scrantom, Wetmore Co., Rochester NY Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Charles Wells Hayes, "The Diocese of Western New York: History and Recollections" (Rochester: Scrantom, Wetmore, 1904): 408. Courtesy Internet Archive Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg, 111 KB Type The nature or genre of the resource Book illustration Caledonia, NY Episcopal Church St. Andrew's Episcopal Church https://openvalley.org/files/original/2cbff1a71d64ebc885f4169ed1d8cf6a.jpg aa42b7981df2cc72c0e054eb4f2f14ce https://openvalley.org/files/original/50969cf99af81c089b423d4801bfd39b.jpg cc951215c5b87e975318578570c4599d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia 1892 Description An account of the resource This collection of images is based upon <a href="https://openvalley.org/files/original/3ae1204165be3bf753a4d31e568da22a.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an 1892 birds-eye panorama of Caledonia, NY</a> published by Burleigh Litho of Troy, NY. According to John William Reps, Lucien R. Burleigh was responsible—whether as artist or publisher—for some 228 lithographic city views (it is possible, even likely that the Caledonia map was executed by an employee named Christian Fausel). Trained as a civil engineer, economic recession pressed Burleigh into finding other ways of making a living. He began city viewmaking during the 1870s and by the mid-1880s was well established in his profession. His usual practice was to work from an available map, determine the most advantageous viewpoint (for a village like Caledonia, typically 1500 feet above the ground), and making small sketches at the street level. Another important task during a two- or three-week stay was soliciting subscriptions for the panorama: it took perhaps 100 persons, each paying $2.50-3:00 for a map, for the project to break even. <br /><br />The Burleigh map’s legend provides us with a snapshot of Caledonia in 1892, just recovering from a major fire in 1891. It lists railroad stations, churches, the public school, and even Seth Green’s fish hatchery, but a majority of the numbered locations are commercial enterprises—a likely base of customers for purchasing copies of the completed work. Using old newspapers and trade magazines, this collection has gathered advertising from most of the businesses. Its purpose is to populate an interactive map for the “Heraldry” section of the “Clans of Caledonia” exhibit, where we see immigrant affiliations interacting with national and commercial icons—a complex process of so-called “Americanization.” Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Thanks to Tom Tryniski, Fulton History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data Newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia School No. 5 Description An account of the resource Number 5 on the Burleigh map, records for this school prior to 1892 are missing due to a major fire on Main Street that year. The structure shown by Burleigh received a west wing in 1896 and a north wing in 1904. In 1914, a new brick structure replaced the original school. As of 1892, education in New York State was on the verge of transformation. Union Free School Districts, enabled by an 1853 law, created free schooling through the power of local taxation under the supervision of an elected school board. Union schools grew in number thereafter, eventually supplanting private academies. There were however tensions between local boards and the University of the State of New York over standards; in 1894, the Consolidated School Law gave to its Board of Regents the power of visitation and control. School No. 5 became a part of this system in 1895 (not without some local resistance), and then was reorganized as Caledonia's high school in 1898. The principle of free schools necessitated annual reports to the public--here for the school year ending June 1896. We see salaries paid to teachers, a clerk and a janitor; charges for books, school supplies, coal for heating, and pricey "apparatus" from Bausch & Lomb--optical instruments, presumably. High school continued here until 1939, when the new Caledonia-Mumford campus opened on North Road and eventually the old building became home to the Big Springs Historical Society and Museum. Burleigh Litho Co Caledonia, NY school https://openvalley.org/files/original/4034e4734d93cfb9d60bb71b6bfaa38a.jpg 82270e3d7a40565adf1a5f048ae8333a https://openvalley.org/files/original/9a895059a056a2a66f2ad10841f45059.jpg 14ae8dd3e5188df829c7f98603c2795a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia 1892 Description An account of the resource This collection of images is based upon <a href="https://openvalley.org/files/original/3ae1204165be3bf753a4d31e568da22a.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an 1892 birds-eye panorama of Caledonia, NY</a> published by Burleigh Litho of Troy, NY. According to John William Reps, Lucien R. Burleigh was responsible—whether as artist or publisher—for some 228 lithographic city views (it is possible, even likely that the Caledonia map was executed by an employee named Christian Fausel). Trained as a civil engineer, economic recession pressed Burleigh into finding other ways of making a living. He began city viewmaking during the 1870s and by the mid-1880s was well established in his profession. His usual practice was to work from an available map, determine the most advantageous viewpoint (for a village like Caledonia, typically 1500 feet above the ground), and making small sketches at the street level. Another important task during a two- or three-week stay was soliciting subscriptions for the panorama: it took perhaps 100 persons, each paying $2.50-3:00 for a map, for the project to break even. <br /><br />The Burleigh map’s legend provides us with a snapshot of Caledonia in 1892, just recovering from a major fire in 1891. It lists railroad stations, churches, the public school, and even Seth Green’s fish hatchery, but a majority of the numbered locations are commercial enterprises—a likely base of customers for purchasing copies of the completed work. Using old newspapers and trade magazines, this collection has gathered advertising from most of the businesses. Its purpose is to populate an interactive map for the “Heraldry” section of the “Clans of Caledonia” exhibit, where we see immigrant affiliations interacting with national and commercial icons—a complex process of so-called “Americanization.” Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Thanks to Tom Tryniski, Fulton History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data Newspaper advertisements Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo, Rochester, and Pittsburgh Railway station, Mumford Description An account of the resource Number 6 on the Burleigh map, the BR &P was one of four rail lines passing through the area and like the Lehigh Valley RR constructed primarily for the shipment of Pennsylvania coal--in this case, the major markets being industrial Rochester and Buffalo. Smaller towns recognized, however, the importance of railroad access and scrambled to join an 1869 venture proposed by Mumford's Oliver Allen. That railroad--the Rochester and State Line--and a subsequent incarnation eventually were incorporated into the BR&P. Despite its much smaller size than the New York Central or Erie railroads, the BR&P survived because it was a well-run operation which, in addition to its commercial business provided transportation for many smaller towns. During the hot days of summer its excursion trains to Lake Ontario were popular; this typical announcement also mentions a Temperance Assembly held at Silver Lake. In 1892 the Mumford terminal would have been a wooden structure in the gothic style; it was rebuilt in 1912 and still stands alongside active tracks as an herb and flower nursery. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Caledonia Advertiser Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1. 1892-07-28 2. 1893-01-19 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Courtesy of Tom Tryniski / Fulton History Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1. jpeg, 164 KB 2. jpeg, 481 KB Buffalo, Rochester, and Pittsburgh Railway Burleigh Litho Co Mumford, NY Oliver Allen Railroads https://openvalley.org/files/original/906ee116bf9a15ebbbaa36b9b92691b1.jpg 9f9aee087369796a0328998c83c63359 https://openvalley.org/files/original/fe9f0a109b9873cddba787b4c9dc5e46.jpg f48612d8894cb38fffb59918d8ef1098 https://openvalley.org/files/original/d5548c766fd029ecb349841f2c50f597.gif 683fb58bf9a933b7670a2ca90ea4606c https://openvalley.org/files/original/1907fa1492a674246050409c9f63b85c.jpg 89739c21d5a8c280049a25d9f85f0885 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia 1892 Description An account of the resource This collection of images is based upon <a href="https://openvalley.org/files/original/3ae1204165be3bf753a4d31e568da22a.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an 1892 birds-eye panorama of Caledonia, NY</a> published by Burleigh Litho of Troy, NY. According to John William Reps, Lucien R. Burleigh was responsible—whether as artist or publisher—for some 228 lithographic city views (it is possible, even likely that the Caledonia map was executed by an employee named Christian Fausel). Trained as a civil engineer, economic recession pressed Burleigh into finding other ways of making a living. He began city viewmaking during the 1870s and by the mid-1880s was well established in his profession. His usual practice was to work from an available map, determine the most advantageous viewpoint (for a village like Caledonia, typically 1500 feet above the ground), and making small sketches at the street level. Another important task during a two- or three-week stay was soliciting subscriptions for the panorama: it took perhaps 100 persons, each paying $2.50-3:00 for a map, for the project to break even. <br /><br />The Burleigh map’s legend provides us with a snapshot of Caledonia in 1892, just recovering from a major fire in 1891. It lists railroad stations, churches, the public school, and even Seth Green’s fish hatchery, but a majority of the numbered locations are commercial enterprises—a likely base of customers for purchasing copies of the completed work. Using old newspapers and trade magazines, this collection has gathered advertising from most of the businesses. Its purpose is to populate an interactive map for the “Heraldry” section of the “Clans of Caledonia” exhibit, where we see immigrant affiliations interacting with national and commercial icons—a complex process of so-called “Americanization.” Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Thanks to Tom Tryniski, Fulton History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data Newspaper advertisements Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lehigh Valley Rail Road Station, Caledonia Description An account of the resource Number 7 on the Burleigh map, an original modest structure served the needs of a railroad built primarily to deliver coal from the Pennsylvania anthracite fields, east to New York and west to Buffalo on the Great Lakes. Amidst ferocious competition, however, the relatively small line came to depend upon moving western wheat and, eventually, passengers. Accordingly, in 1891, an “ornate station with its stained glass windows and Gothic scroll work was built by immigrant laborers” (Caledonia Advertiser 16 Mar 1972). Beginning in 1896, the Lehigh railroad became known for its luxurious "Black Flag Express" service between Buffalo and New York: a "combined cafe, library, writing and smoking room for gentlemen"; a "ladies retiring room"; a dining car and plate-glass observation windows "to view the rapidly passing scenery" (Caledonia Advertiser 2 April 1896). For passenger service the Lehigh's heyday was the first quarter of the 20th century, after which it began a gradual decline due to competition from automobiles. The station was demolished in 1972. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available 1. Caledonia Era 2. Caledonia Advertiser Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1. 1911-07-05 2. 1893-08-31 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 1-2. Courtesy of Tom Tryniski / Fulton History 3. Courtesy of Wikipedia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1. jpeg, 254 KB 2. jpeg, 473 KB 3. gif, 4 KB Black Diamond Express Burleigh Litho Co Caledonia, NY Lehigh Valley Rail Road Railroads https://openvalley.org/files/original/4b517581b245534e5c3ac5927a2db4d6.jpg edbc6c2d8bde0df7d9d2fc7dd34dce28 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia 1892 Description An account of the resource This collection of images is based upon <a href="https://openvalley.org/files/original/3ae1204165be3bf753a4d31e568da22a.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an 1892 birds-eye panorama of Caledonia, NY</a> published by Burleigh Litho of Troy, NY. According to John William Reps, Lucien R. Burleigh was responsible—whether as artist or publisher—for some 228 lithographic city views (it is possible, even likely that the Caledonia map was executed by an employee named Christian Fausel). Trained as a civil engineer, economic recession pressed Burleigh into finding other ways of making a living. He began city viewmaking during the 1870s and by the mid-1880s was well established in his profession. His usual practice was to work from an available map, determine the most advantageous viewpoint (for a village like Caledonia, typically 1500 feet above the ground), and making small sketches at the street level. Another important task during a two- or three-week stay was soliciting subscriptions for the panorama: it took perhaps 100 persons, each paying $2.50-3:00 for a map, for the project to break even. <br /><br />The Burleigh map’s legend provides us with a snapshot of Caledonia in 1892, just recovering from a major fire in 1891. It lists railroad stations, churches, the public school, and even Seth Green’s fish hatchery, but a majority of the numbered locations are commercial enterprises—a likely base of customers for purchasing copies of the completed work. Using old newspapers and trade magazines, this collection has gathered advertising from most of the businesses. Its purpose is to populate an interactive map for the “Heraldry” section of the “Clans of Caledonia” exhibit, where we see immigrant affiliations interacting with national and commercial icons—a complex process of so-called “Americanization.” Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Thanks to Tom Tryniski, Fulton History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data Newspaper advertisement Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geo. Davis, Billiard Hall Description An account of the resource Number 42 on the Burleigh map, it's not clear whether Davis (1860-1947) ever was successful in starting up his billiard hall--and the attendant liquor license likely for its operation. It's more certain that, by May 1894, he and Charles Bundy had opened a variety store whose advertisement appears here. But then on 13 November of that year a fire started in the basement of their building, eventually destroying the structure and most others along the west side of State Street. The Caledonia "Advertiser" held that its cause was arson--like the earlier one in 1891--and Davis found it necessary, two weeks later, to offer a $100 reward "for any information or proof of the author of the report in circulation that I set fire to the store...or had any guilty knowledge of the fact before the fire" (Caledonia Advertiser 6 Dec. 1894). The facts of this case are murky; the fire could have been accidental (wood structures were susceptible to fires), or it could have been arson. Davis and Bundy lost $1,000 in stock to the fire, and were fully insured. Someone was insinuating that Davis was to blame. But there are at least two other possibilities. The first could have been a radical temperance advocate who saw the concentration of saloons on State Street as moral depravity--Caledonia was sharply divided on the issue of alcohol--and an announcement of Davis & Bundy's soon-to-open store mentioned that “Liquors of no description will be kept" in stock (12 April 1894). The second suspect would have had racial motivations; after all, the fire occurred two years before the U.S. Supreme Court's "Plessy v. Ferguson" ruling that enshrined Jim Crow as the law of the land. As an African American, Davis himself experienced a number of suspicious incidents during his life that made it into the newspaper. Shortly after purchasing the farm of Jane Cameron in 1904, a “span of young horses valued at $300” broke out of his property, wandered onto railroad tracks, and were killed by an Erie train. “Hard luck,” reported the newspaper (Caledonia "Advertiser" 14 Sept. 1904). In 1906, Davis was reported driving a “handsome light wagon” in a “natty blue uniform” for Iroquois Portland Cement Company. “A man in livery is quite a sight in Caledonia," the author marveled (Caledonia "Advertiser" 1 Aug. 1906). In 1901 Davis and Maurice Johnson were returning, in a horse-drawn buggy, from work in Garbutt at night when they were rammed--it seems deliberately--by a car of drunken men: “They accused Davis of ‘being in the middle of the road,’ a fact he did not attempt to deny” (Caledonia "Era" 13 Oct 1909). All of this suggests that Davis' life in Caledonia was complex. He still was involved in a State St. business as of 1910, although now in partnership of "nine colored men" with Davis as manager. “The new firm," predicted the newspaper, "ought to control the bulk of the trade of colored families of which there are many in this village and in Mumford and the surrounding districts" (Caledonia "Era" 5 Oct. 1910). Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Caledonia Advertiser Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1894-05-03 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Courtesy of Tom Tryniski / Fulton History Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg, 321 KB Caledonia, NY Charles P. Bundy Davis & Bundy fire George Davis https://openvalley.org/files/original/49396f57d85aa9805d005995f2c06a25.jpg 4b247c05a915260298a2cd42948cc1da https://openvalley.org/files/original/750a1114535c72a7724647594e1c1503.jpg e5e0ead98558e6a8daf7541a2879d92b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia 1892 Description An account of the resource This collection of images is based upon <a href="https://openvalley.org/files/original/3ae1204165be3bf753a4d31e568da22a.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an 1892 birds-eye panorama of Caledonia, NY</a> published by Burleigh Litho of Troy, NY. According to John William Reps, Lucien R. Burleigh was responsible—whether as artist or publisher—for some 228 lithographic city views (it is possible, even likely that the Caledonia map was executed by an employee named Christian Fausel). Trained as a civil engineer, economic recession pressed Burleigh into finding other ways of making a living. He began city viewmaking during the 1870s and by the mid-1880s was well established in his profession. His usual practice was to work from an available map, determine the most advantageous viewpoint (for a village like Caledonia, typically 1500 feet above the ground), and making small sketches at the street level. Another important task during a two- or three-week stay was soliciting subscriptions for the panorama: it took perhaps 100 persons, each paying $2.50-3:00 for a map, for the project to break even. <br /><br />The Burleigh map’s legend provides us with a snapshot of Caledonia in 1892, just recovering from a major fire in 1891. It lists railroad stations, churches, the public school, and even Seth Green’s fish hatchery, but a majority of the numbered locations are commercial enterprises—a likely base of customers for purchasing copies of the completed work. Using old newspapers and trade magazines, this collection has gathered advertising from most of the businesses. Its purpose is to populate an interactive map for the “Heraldry” section of the “Clans of Caledonia” exhibit, where we see immigrant affiliations interacting with national and commercial icons—a complex process of so-called “Americanization.” Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Thanks to Tom Tryniski, Fulton History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data Postcard Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 3.5 x 5.5 in. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource New York State Hatchery and Fish Ponds, Caledonia NY Description An account of the resource Postcard shows the nationally recognized operation created by Seth Green in 1864 and eventually taken over as a state operation in 1875. Despite this source of funding, the hatchery still depended upon publicity--thus the sizable text both on its roof and on the side of building facing road. Printed in Germany by the American News Company, the postcard was created at the behest of John Boorman's Pharmacy for tourist purchases. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource American News Company Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909-04-11 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Courtesy Ken Cooper Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1. jpeg, 741 KB 2. jpeg, 428 KB Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Boorman's Pharmacy, Caledonia NY Type The nature or genre of the resource Postcard Burleigh Litho Co Caledonia, NY fish hatchery John Boorman Post Card Seth Green https://openvalley.org/files/original/0010a62da6b57cad3c96b5f14cb424e3.jpg 86f398ad1922986bbed8a71f798005b9 https://openvalley.org/files/original/c0b5db71b3320bb36d085081249b58e5.jpg 2c7bd5e990fabf9e83bdf5569d38494d https://openvalley.org/files/original/b5976aaca18fae7887b01388bd420fd3.jpg f48cb76724f5802d2f7711939cee48c6 https://openvalley.org/files/original/f1f22b6549c38c40605a44b7e84dfd3d.jpg 35e3cf3952870fe3b967f5a310b26260 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia 1892 Description An account of the resource This collection of images is based upon <a href="https://openvalley.org/files/original/3ae1204165be3bf753a4d31e568da22a.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an 1892 birds-eye panorama of Caledonia, NY</a> published by Burleigh Litho of Troy, NY. According to John William Reps, Lucien R. Burleigh was responsible—whether as artist or publisher—for some 228 lithographic city views (it is possible, even likely that the Caledonia map was executed by an employee named Christian Fausel). Trained as a civil engineer, economic recession pressed Burleigh into finding other ways of making a living. He began city viewmaking during the 1870s and by the mid-1880s was well established in his profession. His usual practice was to work from an available map, determine the most advantageous viewpoint (for a village like Caledonia, typically 1500 feet above the ground), and making small sketches at the street level. Another important task during a two- or three-week stay was soliciting subscriptions for the panorama: it took perhaps 100 persons, each paying $2.50-3:00 for a map, for the project to break even. <br /><br />The Burleigh map’s legend provides us with a snapshot of Caledonia in 1892, just recovering from a major fire in 1891. It lists railroad stations, churches, the public school, and even Seth Green’s fish hatchery, but a majority of the numbered locations are commercial enterprises—a likely base of customers for purchasing copies of the completed work. Using old newspapers and trade magazines, this collection has gathered advertising from most of the businesses. Its purpose is to populate an interactive map for the “Heraldry” section of the “Clans of Caledonia” exhibit, where we see immigrant affiliations interacting with national and commercial icons—a complex process of so-called “Americanization.” Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Thanks to Tom Tryniski, Fulton History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data Newspaper advertisements Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource New York Central Railroad Station, Caledonia Description An account of the resource Number 8 on the Burleigh map, depot originally was located next to William Hamilton's produce business on the east side of North St. Constructed in ca. 1853 along with the Canandaigua & Niagara Falls Railroad, the line was purchased in 1858 by Cornelius Vanderbilt's New York Central as its Canandaigua branch--although popularly dubbed the "Peanut Line" due to its diminutive stature in the sprawling rail empire. In 1916 a new station was built on the west side of North St., where it still is standing today. In the cutthroat railroad business, Vanderbilt's New York Central was quite aggressive in repackaging its more functional business in freight and passenger service into new, tourism-inspired "Excursions." Here, far-flung locations like Seattle and New England beckon Caledonians along with more familiar attractions like Niagara Falls. It's difficult to judge the success of such marketing; amidst competition from automobiles and consolidation of the rail industry, the Canandaigua branch closed in 1939--and this station along with it. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available 1. Caledonia Advertiser 2. Caledonia Era Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1. 1896-12-17 2. 1909-08-25 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Courtesy of Tom Tryniski / Fulton History Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1. jpeg, 264 KB 2. jpeg, 976 KB Burleigh Litho Co Caledonia, NY New York Central Railroad Peanut Line Tourism https://openvalley.org/files/original/be5c3d0cc46daa8efa6d164e62cdd959.jpg 12a53533513375dc2906c649be3ccb2c https://openvalley.org/files/original/a15192d149a3eace8c9350f3fe3d7699.jpg 752b93ae678833073001336cd131acfa https://openvalley.org/files/original/8fe963777299532b13c8e675fca7a504.jpg 3d4b8a1b2e5b239984578025d7b6f180 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Caledonia 1892 Description An account of the resource This collection of images is based upon <a href="https://openvalley.org/files/original/3ae1204165be3bf753a4d31e568da22a.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an 1892 birds-eye panorama of Caledonia, NY</a> published by Burleigh Litho of Troy, NY. According to John William Reps, Lucien R. Burleigh was responsible—whether as artist or publisher—for some 228 lithographic city views (it is possible, even likely that the Caledonia map was executed by an employee named Christian Fausel). Trained as a civil engineer, economic recession pressed Burleigh into finding other ways of making a living. He began city viewmaking during the 1870s and by the mid-1880s was well established in his profession. His usual practice was to work from an available map, determine the most advantageous viewpoint (for a village like Caledonia, typically 1500 feet above the ground), and making small sketches at the street level. Another important task during a two- or three-week stay was soliciting subscriptions for the panorama: it took perhaps 100 persons, each paying $2.50-3:00 for a map, for the project to break even. <br /><br />The Burleigh map’s legend provides us with a snapshot of Caledonia in 1892, just recovering from a major fire in 1891. It lists railroad stations, churches, the public school, and even Seth Green’s fish hatchery, but a majority of the numbered locations are commercial enterprises—a likely base of customers for purchasing copies of the completed work. Using old newspapers and trade magazines, this collection has gathered advertising from most of the businesses. Its purpose is to populate an interactive map for the “Heraldry” section of the “Clans of Caledonia” exhibit, where we see immigrant affiliations interacting with national and commercial icons—a complex process of so-called “Americanization.” Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Thanks to Tom Tryniski, Fulton History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as photograph, map, drawing, painting, etc., and any additional data Newspaper advertisements Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource John Ball & Co., Produce Elevator Description An account of the resource Number 45 on the Burleigh map, the firm alongside the Erie Railroad dates to 1892 when John Ball (1855-1936) formed a partnership with his younger brother Thomas--who had been a principal in the firm of Ball & Donahue. Eventually their facility came to encompass a grain elevator, a bean dryer, a mill, and facilities for processing coal delivered by the railroad. Beneath this skeletal history are hints of the catastrophes routinely faced by merchants in an era before modern fire-resistant architecture and alarm systems. After commencing operations in 1891, a fire in 1896 destroyed Ball's structure. It was the third major Caledonia fire in six years. The "Advertiser" sardonically recommended that the village "ought to erect a great big portable grand-stand on wheels, so that when a fire occurs the spectators might have comfortable seats" (8 Oct. 1896). Ball's losses were estimated to be at least $15,000, yet two weeks later he already was consulting with a Buffalo architect for a new and "far better" elevator (Caledonia "Advertiser" 22 Oct. 1896). In 1910, the firm constructed a "modern concrete coal shed"--presumably more fireproof than its earlier version. These various advertisements show the company's gradual shift from agriculture to energy, from coal to oil delivery. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Caledonia Advertiser Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1. 1918-05-23 2. 1935-10-24 3. 1953-08-06 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cooper, Ken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Courtesy of Tom Tryniski / Fulton History Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1. jpeg, 474 KB 2. jpeg, 295 KB 3. jpeg, 324 KB Burleigh Litho Co Caledonia, NY Erie Railroad Grain elevator John Ball Thomas Ball